Resource Tag: PROBLEM SOLVING

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In this paper, the authors review the observational & experimental evidence for the acute neuropsychological effects of alcohol intake on suicide ideation & behaviour. A selective review of the literature was conducted using the PubMed database. Cognitive mechanisms implicated include alcohol-induced deficits in attention allocation, prospective cognition, autobiographical memory, & disinhibition. Emotional mechanisms include alcohol-induced […]

Among 180 Turkish university students, the probability of suicide was strongly predicted by both hopelessness & deficiencies in problem solving. In addition, for women, unhealthy attachment styles (preoccupied & dismissing) also predicted suicidality. The clinical implications of these findings are that psychotherapists should focus on helping suicidal adolescents improve their problem solving skills & decreasing […]

In this presentation, the primacy of Camus’s question, “is life worth living?” was challenged. It was suggested there is a more basic question that people must answer when confronted by crisis or difficulty, namely, “will I change?” This question must also be asked in treatment. These ideas were expanded upon during the presentation. Case examples […]

Cognitive-behaviour therapy, problem-solving therapy, or treatment-as-usual were compared in the management of suicide attempters. Participants completed the Beck Hopelessness Scale, Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation, Social Problem-Solving Inventory, & Client Satisfaction Questionnaire at pre- & post-treatment. Both cognitive-behaviour therapy & problem-solving therapy indicated significant improvements over time within the majority of measured variables. When compared […]

This study sought to create an adult version of the Subject Experience of Problem Irresolvability instrument created by Orbach & colleagues, 1999. An additional objective was to examine the relationship between the suicide attempters’ experience of certain previously researched interpersonal dynamics & lethality of suicide attempts. 83 participants comprised the study group. An independent samples […]

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This study tested Williams’ theory of suicidal behaviour in adolescents & young adults by examining the relationship among suicidal behaviours, defective ability to retrieve specific autobiographical memories, impaired interpersonal problem solving, negative life events, repression, & hopelessness. 25 suicidal inpatients were compared with 25 nonsuicidal inpatients & 25 healthy controls. Impairment in the ability to […]

This study examined the predictive relationship between interpersonal & emotional problem solving skills & parasuicide in a sample of 33 chronically parasuicidal outpatient women meeting criteria for borderline personality disorder. Subjects were assessed initially & at 4-month intervals for 1 year. Inappropriate problem solving measured at the 4- & 8-month assessment points was a significant […]

This study analysed female adolescent-family relations, believed to be one of the significant factors in female adolescents’ suicide attempts, from a multidimensional perspective. The subjects were 52 Turkish female adolescents who had attempted suicide & 52 normal female adolescents from two different secondary schools. Results revealed the general stress level of those who attempted suicide […]

Solution-focused therapy is proposed as a model for families coping with suicide. The nature & incidence of suicide is described along with a consideration of the effects that suicide has on families & prevailing treatment approaches. Three case examples illustrate the application. Implications are discussed pertaining to the theory, practice, & research of solution-focused therapy […]

Two studies were designed to develop & validate a model of current suicide ideation. In Study 1, 48 students reporting past suicide attempts were compared to 49 controls on 9 variables previously linked to suicidal behaviour. In the resulting model, borderline personality characteristics & social support were found to correlate with current suicide ideation, supporting […]

Recent suicide attempters with & without a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder were compared. 180 recent suicide attempters, recruited in the emergency department, participated in extensive interviews. Suicide attempters with borderline personality disorder displayed greater severity of overall psychopathology, depression, hopelessness, suicide ideation, past suicide attempts, & had poorer social problem solving skills than those […]

This study explored unknown suicide-related factors among the unemployed in Hong Kong. 76 individuals who died by suicide & 15 subjects who were unemployed were selected from a previous psychological autopsy study. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the relative suicide risk among the unemployed people. Among the unemployed, those who died by suicide […]

Relationships between social problem solving, mood, & suicidality were examined in 105 adolescent psychiatric inpatients. Results indicated a negative problem orientation, as well as an avoidant or impulsive problem-solving style were associated with less favourable scores on measures of dysphoria, hopelessness, & anxiety, including greater reported suicidality. Structural equation modeling analyses revealed the relationships found […]

This study aimed to test the efficacy of a problem-solving therapy in treating depression & suicide potential in adolescents & young adults. 27 high school & university students were randomly assigned to problem-solving therapy & 19 to a waiting list control condition. 22 of the 27 participants in the problem-solving therapy condition could be reached […]

The role of problem-solving self-appraisal & negative life stress in hopelessness was examined in a sample of 186 college students. Subjects completed the Problem-Solving Inventory, the Life Experiences Survey, the Self-Rating Depression Scale, & the Hopelessness Scale. The results of a hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed problem-solving self-appraisal & its interaction with negative life stress […]

Two cognitive measures, autobiographical memory test & means-ends problem-solving task, Persian versions, were used to assess 20 parasuicide patients who met diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder. Suicide attempters were more depressed & more hopeless than matched healthy subjects. Results showed the parasuicides produced more overgeneral memories & responded more slowly to positive than negative […]

Aims: Despite recent small reductions in overall suicide rates, rates among those aged 25–44 have remained high. The aim of this paper was to examine the evidence for a link between alcohol misuse/consumption and suicidal behaviour, explore the reasons for this association, and consider the implications for reducing rates of suicidal behaviour. Methods: A medline […]

Research has shown both childhood physical and sexual abuse to be associated with later suicide attempts, although some studies have not supported these findings. However, few studies have investigated differences in physical and sexual abuse histories among single and multiple suicide attempters. The goals of the current study were two-fold: (a) to replicate previous findings […]