This study investigated possible differences in suicide risk associated with different antiepileptic drugs. The use of antiepileptic drugs in the Danish population from 1997-2006 was determined by prescription claims. The risk of suicide associated with the use of antiepileptic drugs was estimated by case-crossover analyses, where each case serves as its own control during different periods. There were 6780 cases of suicide in the study period of which 422 had received antiepileptic drug treatment at the time of suicide. The case-crossover analysis suggested antiepileptic drugs, particularly clonazepam, valproate, lamotrigine, & phenobarbital, shortly after treatment initiation increasesd the risk of suicide. (27 refs.)