This article examines suicide among Australian Aboriginal peoples & reviews current directions in suicide prevention. The author focuses on the differences in suicidal behaviour, risk factors, prevention responses, & cultures, customs & beliefs, between the Aboriginal & non-Aboriginal population & between different Aboriginal groups. The evidence is reviewed in the context of favouring an Aboriginal suicidology separate from mainstream suicidology, which could have the potential to better inform the development & future direction of more effective & appropriate Australian Aboriginal suicide prevention initiatives. (30 refs)