Year: 1981 Source: British Journal of Clinical Psychology, v.20, (1981), p.11-14 SIEC No: 19820524

Beck’s Hopelessness Scale was administered to a sample of 400 randomly selected adults in order to derive norms for the scale for the general population. The mean HS score was 4.45 with a standard deviation of 3.09 approximately 1 standard deviation lower than the reported means for clinical groups. The relationship between HS scores & the demographic variables, sex, age, socio-economic status & marital status, was also examined.