A comparative study on sociodemographic and clinical factors in patients of severed depression with and without suicide

Background and Aim: Suicide is one of the most severe outcomes of depression, with around 700,000 people dying due to s range from 10 to 40 times more frequent than c ompleted suicide. This further leads to suicide hence suicide attempts will be a major public and mental health concern in India.  sociodemographic and clinical factors play significant roles in a suicide attempt so our aim is to identify high risk factor in patient of suicide. which help in early detection and prevention of suicide attempt and lower the suicide rate. Methods and material The study design was a across section observational study that recruited patients from the Department of Psychiatry over one year, from June 2021 to May 2022. After Institutional Ethics Committee clearance, patients were included in the study sample as per the institutional prevalence of depression. A purposive sampling technique was utilized and all those patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria had suicide attempts included as Group A, while those diagnosed with severe depression without any suicidal attempt were recruited into Group B. For documenting the patient’s sociodemographic and clinical information a semi structured proforma was made. After formal asses sent , both groups were quantified using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM D), the Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSSI), and the Suicide Behavior Questionnaire  Revised (SB Q R). later interpreted using Open source software. Statistical analysis was done on categorical and continuous variables using, the student t test and Pearson correlation. Result: Mean age of patients with depression with suicide attempts was 28.2 years with the highest suicide rate among the 18 29 years age group, male, married, Hindu, belonging to the urban area, with the total duration of illness lower in patients of depression with suicide attempt than non suicidal depression which is significant. Conclusion This study identifies high risk sociodemographic factors by which we can identify depressive patients at risk of suicide. Also highlights the importance of considering the number of suicide attempts, SBQ score and BSSI score as predictors of suicidality. However, more research is needed to fully understand the  relationship between socio demographic factors , another clinical parameter of depressive patients and suicidal behavior.