Resource Tag: EUROPE

This article describes the creation of the European Alliance Against Depression in 2004 & the cornerstone of the alliance, which is a shared multi-level approach that includes interventions on 4 levels: education of primary care physicians; a professional public relations campaign, training of community facilitators, & interventions with affected persons & high-risk groups. Several countries […]

In ten nations from 1900 to 1988, birth rates were more consistently & more strongly associated with suicide rates than were marriage rates, confirming the results of a study in Bavaria by Wiedenmann & Weyerer. Countries examined included: England/Wales, Finland, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Scotland, Spain, Sweden, & Switzerland. (5 refs.) JA

Modern correlation analyses confirm Durkheim’s (1888) conclusion that lower birth rates in European nations are associated with higher suicide rates for both data from the 1870s and from 1980. Countries in this study included Austria, Belgium, Denmark, England & Wales, Finland, France, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Scotland, Spain, Sweden, & Switzerland. (7 refs.) JA

This study explored temporal trends in age-adjusted suicide rates for people aged 65 years & older residing in the European Union from 1980-2006. In the years examined, there has been a general decrease in suicide rates in new & early members of the European Union, although more slowly for elderly men than for women. The […]

A 2-stage screening approach of over 12,000 adults from the general population were evaluated by face-to-face interview to identify those meeting ICD-10 criteria for depressive disorders at 8 sites in 5 European countries. A cross-sectional analysis of Item 9 (suicide ideation) of the Beck Depression Inventory was done. The standardised period prevalence for all suicide […]

This study investigated whether a general relationship could be found between structural change in agriculture & suicide in post-war Europe. Annual national-level data on suicide, the percentage of the workforce in agricultural employment, & the unemployment level were collected for those countries & 10-year periods where structural changes in agriculture between 1950-1995 had been most […]

This study examined the association of variables from survey data on well-being with suicide rates & other markers of population mental health in Europe. An ecological study correlated life satisfaction & happiness in 32 countries with suicide rates, rates of hospital discharge for mental & behavioural disorders, & prevalence of mental disorders based on registered […]

An ecological investigation was performed of the relationship of social trust, as one component of social capital, & national suicide rates in 11 European countries. There was an inverse relationship between social trust & national suicide rates, after controlling for gender, age, marriage rates, standardised income, & reported sadness. Social capital may have a protective […]

This paper presents the protocol of a European research project that will be used to develop an optimized, evidence-based program for suicide prevention. The intervention will be evaluated using a prospective controlled design with the primary outcomes being composite suicidal acts (fatal & non-fatal), & with intermediate outcomes being the effect of training programs, changes […]

The objective of this monograph is to provide producers & users of death statistics with a practical tool to help study deaths related to suicide. Recommendations are also made for improvements in the collection & analysis of data. (23 refs.)

This document presents the European Communities consensus paper on the prevention of depression & suicide. The promotion of good mental health, preventive measures, early recognition, & adequate treatment of people with mental disorders are the key measures in avoiding depression & its complications, such as suicide. Multisectoral comprehensive suicide prevention programmes, aiming at restrictions in […]

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This study sought to identify specific clinical & demographic factors associated with treatment-resistant depression in a large sample of European patients with major depressive episodes who failed to reach response or remission after at least 2 consecutive adequate antidepressant treatments. 11 variables, including suicide risk, were found to be associated with treatment-resistant depression. Suicidal risk […]

Trends in adolescent (15-19 years) suicide rates from 1979-1996 were compared with suicide trends in individuals 20 years & over in 30 countries & with trends in rates of deaths due to undetermined causes in adolescents in 17 countries of the World Health Organization European Region. In 21 of the 30 countries, male adolescent suicide […]

This presentation examined four hypotheses put forward to account for the changes in reported suicide rates in various European countries. The starting point for the study was a substantial fall (36%) in rates in England & Wales between 1961-1963 & 1972-1974. Three results from a comparative epidemiological study were discussed.

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Countries included in the present study were Belgium, Denmark, England/Wales, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, & the Netherlands.

The Iowa Gambling Task was used to measure decision making in 317 patients. Psychiatric diagnoses were made according to DSM-IV criteria. Self-questionnaires were used to assess persnality traits & the last & most severe suicidal acts were characterized. After controlling for age & medication intake, a past history of suicide attempts & normothymic bipolar disorders […]

This essay provides a review of some of the existing research on the occupational health & safety risks police officers may encounter on a daily basis or at some point during their career. Hazards are divided into 5 categories: physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic, & psychosocial, including stress & suicide. The research reviewed included Canadian, American, […]

This study identified the most frequent gender-specific suicide methods in Europe. Data on suicide methods for 119,122 male & 41,338 female cases from 2000-2005 from 16 countries in the European Alliance Against Depression were obtained. Hanging was the most prevalent method among males & females. For males, hanging was followed by firearms & poisoning by […]

The results of two World Health Organization European monitoring surveys on national suicide preventive programmes & strategies carried out in 52 member states in October 2001-February 2002 & October 2003-February 2004 are summarised. Countries are divided into two groups with respect to the existence of national suicide preventive initiatives. Suicide preventive activities within the mental […]