Resource Tag: ANTISOCIAL PERSONALITY DISORDERS

139 girls, aged 13-16, admitted to an inpatient psychiatric hospital were divided into 4 groups based on their suicidal status & ego development. Results support 2 developmental types of female suicide attempters that differed significantly on symptomatology, diagnoses, & defensive style. Depression was found to a risk factor for suicide at all developmental levels. Social-cognitive […]

The social networks of 26 adolescent suicide victims were interviewed 7 months after the death of the victim & compared with 146 matched, unexposed controls. The rates of major depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, suicidal ideation with a plan or an attempt, but not suicidal attempts, that had onset after exposure were elevated in the exposed […]

Psychopathology, suicidal behavior, child abuse, somatization, & health care utilization in 34 children with a parent who has somatization disorder was studied & compared to 41 children with a somatizing parent & 30 pediatrically ill controls. Children of parents with a somatization disorder & controls had similar scores on thoughts of death, suicide & suicidal […]

The issue of pathological gambling is dealt with in this paper. Gamblers had high rates of comorbidity with other psychiatric disorders, particularly antisocial personality disorder when not used as an exclusion criterion. Gamblers were likely to have made suicide attempts (13%), to have been convicted of offences (27%), to be spouse and child abusers (23 […]

A study was conducted of all 51 patients admitted with self-inflicted burns to the Welsh Regional Burns Unit between 1979 & 1991. Two different groups of patients were identified: patients who attempted suicide & patients with self-mutilative behaviour. Suicide attempters tended to be older, sustained severe burn injuries with a substantial mortality & suffered predominantly […]

A group of children under 16 years of age who had been admitted to hospital after deliberate self-poisoning were followed up after 1 year. Almost half of the subjects had improved, but the remaining children continued disturbed. 10% of children had been involved in further self-poisoning episodes. Extended follow-up after 7 years indicated that the […]

A significant difference in the prevalence of personality disorders was reported between similar studies done in California & Sweden. The difference was due entirely to the absence of borderline personality disorder in the San Diego sample. This study reassessed the suicides from the San Diego study for criteria consistent with borderline personality disorder. Results indicated […]

Primary prevention trials which have shown that the lowering of serum cholesterol leads to a decrease in coronary heart disease have also reported an increase in deaths due to suicide or violence. The present author reviewed the relevant published work & describes a physiological mechanism which might explain this finding. He believes that a lowered […]

The specific focus of this study was the exploration of whether the punishments experienced by 454 Vermont prisoners & their relationship with each parent were associated with a suicidal history. Subjects with a history of suicidal behaviour were found to be more assaultive, were more likely to have suffered from physical abuse & to have […]

The sociodemographic & etiological characteristics of 187 suicides in Jhansi, India from 1986-1987 were examined. The suicide rate was higher for females than for males. Married subjects completed suicide more often. Domestic strife & mental illness were the common causes. Significant gender differences were noted with respect to the preferred method of suicide. Burning was […]

To develop predictive & explanatory models of suicidal behaviour, it is necessary to consider factors from psychopathology, genetics, early life experience, family interactions, social stress, physical illness & neurobiology. A stress-diathesis model that classifies risk factors into those that are trait-dependent & those that are state-dependent is proposed. Particular emphasis is given to changes in […]

From a psychodynamic perspective, the author reviews factors associated with adolescent violence, including things such as alcohol & substance abuse, & depression & suicidality. Management & treatment issues are surveyed. Violent adolescents have little awareness of an inner psychological world, cannot name affects or differentiate one from another, & often confuse thought, feeling & deed. […]

92 major depressed outpatients were rated with the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale in Benin (West Africa). Patients met modified DSM-III major depression criteria. Compared to “western-like” clinical features of depression, there was a lower frequency of suicidal thoughts & guilt feelings, a higher frequency of somatic complaints & ideas of persecution. The relationship between the […]

The prevalence of lifetime psychiatric comorbidity & history of attempted suicide among intravenous drug users was investigated. Any history of injecting drugs increased the odds of being diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder, alcoholism & unipolar depression. Intravenous drug use was associated with an 8.27-fold increase in odds for a suicide attempt compared with no drug […]

Attempts to identify variables which will predict the psychosocial outcomes of borderline patients 2 years following an acute psychiatric hospitalization. 88 patients were tested, & 4 committed suicide in the 2 year period. The authors concluded that 2 variables- impulsivity & poor premorbid functioning-predicted a poor coutcome. Almost all patients had significant difficulties though, which […]

In this study, personal & familial psychopathological histories were collected for 92 HIV-infected subjects. The authors found that a higher percentage of drug addicts reported past histories of attempted suicide, & early loss events were more frequent for homosexuals than drug addicts. Findings about coping mechanisms & changes in lifestyle are also included. (VM)

Reviews the literature & describes psychiatric manifestations seen in HIV-1 infected patients, including: neuropsychological impairment without dementia, delirium, acute stress reactions, adjustment, acute psychotic & mood disorders, & suicide. AIDS-related psychopathology in Ss without HIV-1 infection is noted & the need for facilities, health care professionals with adequate training & positive attitudes towards AIDS patients […]

This article discusses the relation of personality disorders to suicidal behaviors. The authors present studies which show that those with personality disorders are at high risk for suicide, & often choose lethal methods. Clinical descriptions & management techniques for borderline & antisocial disorders are provided, as well as the results of studies on personality traits […]

This study analyzes the relationship between suicidality & psychopathology in children & adolescents. Of the 110 patients examined, more than 2/3 showed evidence of suicide attempts, threats or ideation, while 1/3 had attempted suicide. No differences were found between attempters & non-suicidal patients in demographic, family psychopathology or diagnoses. The authors conclude anger & impulsivity […]

In this study, 58 suicides were retrospectively investigated through interviews with survivors & analysis of medical records. A large proportion of axis II disorders were found. Borderline personality disorder (BPD) were found in 19 subjects (33%). When compared to those with other disorders, BPD subjects had more antisocial traits, greater substance abuse, early parental absence, […]

The authors speculate that a functional serotonergic deficit may be conducive to poor impulse control, violent outbursts, suicide attempts, & type II alcohol abuse. Preliminary research studies have reported that serotonergic medications may have some beneficial effects in alcoholics. Further studies, with various serotonergic drugs, are in progess in different reearch centers. (26 ref)

Undertook a case analysis to clarify the issues involved with AIDS & substance abuse in a sample of 18 homosexual & bisexual men (aged 23-51 yrs) in a substance abuse program. Most Ss had abused 3 or more different substances, had used drugs parenterally, had had more than 50 sex partners and/or had received previous […]

The data from this study were not in accord with the predominantly sociological explanations of family violence. Of the 1200 residents of Edmonton, Canada who were interviewed, a high proportion of subjects with a psychiatric disorder exhibited violent behaviors. Particularly high rates of violence were found in those where alcoholism was combined with antisocial personality […]