Resource Tag: COGNITIVE STYLES

Suicidal behavior has become an important public health problem, correlating with stress and emotional deficits in recent research. This study examined the relationship between perceived stress and suicidal behavior risk, testing the mediating roles of cognitive emotion regulation and impulsivity, and the moderating role of problematic alcohol use in stress-suicidal behavior association in a sample […]

Background This study aimed to explore gender differences in associations between cognitive symptoms and suicidal ideation (SI) among patients with recurrent major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods We recruited 1222 patients with recurrent MDD from the National Survey on Symptomatology of Depression (NSSD), a survey designed to investigate the symptoms experienced during current major depressive episodes […]

Objectives Extant literature suggests that dispositional mindfulness may reduce the impact perceived stress has on the severity of suicidal ideation (SI). Only one study has analyzed this question but did so with a cross-sectional design in a sample of undergraduate women. Methods This study analyzed the potential moderating role of dispositional mindfulness on the relation […]

Objective The goal of this study was to develop and validate a measure of self-rated positive and negative beliefs about one’s non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), the Experiences of Self-Injury Questionnaire (ESIQ). Method Psychometric properties and validation against NSSI severity and shame were tested in two U.S. and two U.K. samples of individuals who endorsed a history […]

To examine relations between self-report and behavioral measures of impulsivity and cognitive flexibility with suicidal ideation and self-harm and suicide attempt history. Methods: Eighty-seven military veterans who met DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for alcohol use disorder (AUD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were evaluated for current suicidal ideation and self-harm, suicide attempt history, impulsivity, and cognitive […]

Empirical work has suggested relationships among suicide-related outcomes and several constructs related to affect dysregulation, notably anxiety sensitivity (AS) and distress tolerance (DT). However, important questions remain, including the relative contributions of these affect regulation variables as well as the direct contribution of DT on suicidal ideationand prior attempts. The current study sought to better elucidate the nature of these […]

In this study, we set out to extend empirical research on the Life-Death Implicit Association Test (IAT) by administering the measure to an adult psychiatric inpatient population with suicidal ideation. We sought to examine its association with other suicide-relevant measures and to determine whether it adds predictive utility beyond that offered by other measures of […]

Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is highly prevalent among late adolescents and predicts the onset of suicidal ideation and behavior. Although research has established an association between the behavioral approach system (BAS) and NSSI, less research has explored mechanisms underlying this relationship. The authors examined negative and positive emotion regulation patterns, as well as the BAS-relevant cognitive […]

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Objective: Suicide has been related to affective disorders. We hypothesized that suicide could be associated with cognitive inhibition deficit. Our study aimed to systematically review all published articles that examined the relation between cognitive inhibition deficit and suicidal behaviours (that is, suicide attempt or suicidal ideation) in patients with affective disorders. Method: We performed an […]

This study described suicide behaviours before & during the 4 years following first psychiatric hospitalization, examined associations of demographic & psychiatric risk factors, & developed a suicide risk index for persons with psychotic illnesses. Data came from a first-admission cohort of 529 patients in the Suffolk County Mental Health Project. Prior to first admission, 28.0% […]

Impulsivity should distinguish those who have attempted suicide from those who have only considered suicide. This hypothesis was tested in 3 nonclinical samples: 2011 military recruits, 1296 college students, & 399 high school students. In sample 1, contrary to traditional models of suicide risk, a unidimensional measure of impulsivity failed to distinguish attempters from ideators-only. […]

The current study tested hypotheses derived from Joiner’s (2005) interpersonal theory of suicide, which proposes that deliberate self-harm becomes increasingly more reinforcing with repetition. 106 participants with a history of deliberate self-harm completed questionnaires about their emotions & experience of physical pain during their most recent deliberate self-harm episode. Consistent with prediction, people with more […]

This chapter describes various types of psychotherapy & their application with suicidal patients. Psychoanalysis, cognitive therapy, transactional analysis, behaviour therapy are discussed in detail while primal therapy, gestalt therapy, reality therapy, person-centered therapy, & existential therapy are briefly reviewed. (62 refs.)

This article discusses mental health difficulties & suicide risk among student athletes & notes how the culture of athletics may prevent some individuals from seeking help. Warning signs of suicide & prevention strategies that athletic departments can implement to help at-risk students are reviewed.

This study documents a paradox: the happiest places have the highest suicide rates. The study combines findings from 2 large & rich individual-level data sets – one on life satisfaction & another on suicide deaths – to establish the paradox in a consistent way across American states. It replicates the finding in data on Western […]

This study sought to clarify the contribution of perfectionism & rumination, along with depression & anxiety, to nonsuicidal self-injury within a sample of 170 college students. Group comparisons revealed that participants with a history of nonsuicidal self-injury endorsed significantly more rumination, depressive, & anxious symptoms than non-nonsuicidal self-injury controls. Results regarding perfectionism were mixed, with […]

This study investigated automatic self-associations in a large scale community sample that was part of the Netherlands Study of Depression & Anxiety. The results showed automatic self-associations of depression & anxiety were significantly related to suicide ideation & past suicide attempt. Moreover, the interactions between automatic self-depressive (anxious) associations & explicit self-depressive (anxious) beliefs explained […]

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This paper addresses the experience of another person’s suicide. Clinical & sociological observations attest to the fact that witnessing another person’s suicide as an imminent or completed event may influence one’s own suicide ideation. The authors’ thesis is that prereflective, intersubjective experience of another person’s suicide raises explicit retrospective questions about the meaning of suicide […]

Relationships between self-harm & vulnerability factors were studied in a general population of 432 participants, of whom 30% reported some experience of self-harm. This group scored higher on dissociation & childhood trauma, had lower self-worth, & reported more negative intrusive thoughts. Among the non-harming group, 10% scored similarly to the self-harmers on the dissociation & […]

100of 1936 primary care patients who met criteria for alcohol abuse &/or dependence were included in this study. 60 of these individuals were matched to 60 people who did not misuse alcohol. All 160 patients answered questions about psychiatric symptoms & psychotropic drug use. The lifetime prevalence of depression, suicidal thoughts, suicide attempts, violent behaviour, […]

This study tested a structural model to explain the relationship between the predictor variables of trait anger, anger suppression, entrapment, psychosomatic symptoms, depression, & resilience & the dependent variable of suicide ideation. Data were collected from a convenience sample of 11,393 Korean students. Trait anger, entrapment, psychosomatic symptoms, depression, & resilience had a direct effect […]