Resource Tag: COGNITIVE STYLES

Objective The goal of this study was to develop and validate a measure of self-rated positive and negative beliefs about one’s non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), the Experiences of Self-Injury Questionnaire (ESIQ). Method Psychometric properties and validation against NSSI severity and shame were tested in two U.S. and two U.K. samples of individuals who endorsed a history […]

To examine relations between self-report and behavioral measures of impulsivity and cognitive flexibility with suicidal ideation and self-harm and suicide attempt history. Methods: Eighty-seven military veterans who met DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for alcohol use disorder (AUD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were evaluated for current suicidal ideation and self-harm, suicide attempt history, impulsivity, and cognitive […]

Empirical work has suggested relationships among suicide-related outcomes and several constructs related to affect dysregulation, notably anxiety sensitivity (AS) and distress tolerance (DT). However, important questions remain, including the relative contributions of these affect regulation variables as well as the direct contribution of DT on suicidal ideationand prior attempts. The current study sought to better elucidate the nature of these […]

In this study, we set out to extend empirical research on the Life-Death Implicit Association Test (IAT) by administering the measure to an adult psychiatric inpatient population with suicidal ideation. We sought to examine its association with other suicide-relevant measures and to determine whether it adds predictive utility beyond that offered by other measures of […]

Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is highly prevalent among late adolescents and predicts the onset of suicidal ideation and behavior. Although research has established an association between the behavioral approach system (BAS) and NSSI, less research has explored mechanisms underlying this relationship. The authors examined negative and positive emotion regulation patterns, as well as the BAS-relevant cognitive […]

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Objective: Suicide has been related to affective disorders. We hypothesized that suicide could be associated with cognitive inhibition deficit. Our study aimed to systematically review all published articles that examined the relation between cognitive inhibition deficit and suicidal behaviours (that is, suicide attempt or suicidal ideation) in patients with affective disorders. Method: We performed an […]

This study described suicide behaviours before & during the 4 years following first psychiatric hospitalization, examined associations of demographic & psychiatric risk factors, & developed a suicide risk index for persons with psychotic illnesses. Data came from a first-admission cohort of 529 patients in the Suffolk County Mental Health Project. Prior to first admission, 28.0% […]

Impulsivity should distinguish those who have attempted suicide from those who have only considered suicide. This hypothesis was tested in 3 nonclinical samples: 2011 military recruits, 1296 college students, & 399 high school students. In sample 1, contrary to traditional models of suicide risk, a unidimensional measure of impulsivity failed to distinguish attempters from ideators-only. […]

The current study tested hypotheses derived from Joiner’s (2005) interpersonal theory of suicide, which proposes that deliberate self-harm becomes increasingly more reinforcing with repetition. 106 participants with a history of deliberate self-harm completed questionnaires about their emotions & experience of physical pain during their most recent deliberate self-harm episode. Consistent with prediction, people with more […]

125 adult participants recruited from gambling treatment centres were included in an examination of gambling-related suicide ideation & attempts. In this sample, 48 percent had a history of gambling-related suicide ideation & an additional 12 percent reported at least one gambling-related suicide attempt. Level of suicidality was associated with greater gambling severity, gambling escape, dissociation, […]

This study investigated the circumstances under which reflective rumination might be asociated with increased suicide ideation by examining whether a suicide attempt history modified the relationship between the ruminative subtypes & current suicide ideation. 37 young adults who reported a past suicide attempt & 59 young adults without such a history completed measures of rumination […]

This book has three main chapters, one on the suicidal mind, one on suicidal behaviours, and the last on causes, consequences, & subpopulations. In each chapter, the author describes a number of myths & misunderstood topics, & then dispels or explains them.

This study explored the prevalence & correlates of psychiatric morbidity among HIV-infected male prisoners in Taiwan. In 2005, data were collected from 535 HIV-infected male prisoners in 7 prisons. After excluding incomplete data, 479 participants were included in the analysis. Psychiatric morbidity was present in 46 percent of participants. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that correlates […]

This study further investigated the role of suicidal thinking for the neuropsychological performance in depressive suicide attempers. Depressive inpatients after a recent suicide attempt, who either had present suicide ideation (14 subjects) or not (15 subjects) & 29 healthy controls were recruited. The groups were assessed by means of executive tasks designed to capture impulsive […]

This presentation provided an introduction to the topic of adolescent suicide. The causes of adolescent suicide were discussed, including family dysfunction & environmental pressures. The author asserts that knowledge about suicide is the most effective prevention tool & so reviews myths about suicide & the profile of a suicidal or potentially suicidal youth. The presentation […]

The pseudocommando is a type of mass murderer who kills in public during the daytime, plans his offense well in advance, & comes prepared with an arsenal of weapons. He has no escape planned & expects to be killed during the incident. Research suggests the pseudocommando is driven by strong feelings of anger & resentment. […]

This report examines the relevance of the American Food & Drug Administration’s list of possible correlates of suicidality & antidepressant drugs for adults. 650 consecutive outpatients presenting with a major depressive episode to a private practice were interviewed. Suicide ideation was present in 49.3% of the sample & was significantly greater in bipolar II than […]

The suicide rate remains more than three time higher among HIV-positive persons than in the general population. This finding highlights the need for an integrative conceptual model to inform clinical intervention & research in this population. In this editorial, the author proposes a stress & coping model of suicide risk in which vulnerability & resilience […]

The underlying hypothosis of this study was suicide attempters tend to retrieve overgeneral autobiographical memories, with a considerable latency. 2 cognitive measures were used to assess 20 Iranian patients who had attempted suicide & who met DSM-IV criteria for depression. Results showed suicide attempters produced more overgeneral memories & responded more slowly to positive than […]

This article aims to provide important insight into the potency that certain profiles of perfectionism can claim in the path to suicide by presenting three case studies from a British study of student suicide. Collectively, these case studies provide theoretical support for existing frameworks & are consistent with other literature which emphasizes those forms of […]

This study examines the moderating effect of explanatory style on the relationship between negative life experiences & suicide ideation in a college student sample. A total of 138 participants completed a self-report psychosocial assessment. Optimistic explanatory style mitigated the influence of negative & potentially traumatic life events on thoughts of suicide, above & beyond the […]

This article discusses the incidence of suicide in Malta, examining protective factors, who is most at risk, myths about suicide, & cognitive styles of people who feel suicidal. There is a call for the Maltese Ministry of Health to give priority to the prevention of suicide. (4 refs.)