Hopelessness and Depression

86 psychiatric outpatients, diagnosed by RDC criteria as depressed, were administered the Hopelessness Scale. Results indicate hopelessness to be common, but not universal, in depression. Factor analysis revealed 5 factors accounting for 61.2% of the total variance. Interviewing an additional 20 subjects indicated that hopelessness was associated with suicidal wishes & with negative expectations about […]

The Measurement of Pessimism: The Hopelessness Scale

A scale designed to quantify hopelessness was administered to several diverse samples of patients to assess its psychometric properties. This scale was found to have a high degree of internal consistency & showed a relatively high correlation with the clinical ratings of hopelessness & other self-administered measures of hopelessness. Furthermore, the scale was sensitive to […]

Assessment of Suicide Ideation and Parasuicide: Hopelessness and Social Desirability