The practice of euthanasia in The Netherlands is often cited as an example of progressive social reform. 3 factors have emerged from recent reports that are of importance: doctors have been involved in developments in The Netherlands without regard to the effect of this involvement on medical practice; while practices commenced with active voluntary euthanasia, they are now uncontrolled; & the practice of active euthanasia has increased in frequency & has been facilitated by the Dutch courts even though it is an offence under the penal code. (12 refs.)