2 models, the hostility & anxiety reduction models, were simultaneously tested in order to determine whether self-mutilation (SM) in adolescence was characterized by greater feelings of anxiety & hostility. 61 students who indicated that they hurt themselves as well as a comparison group of non-SM students completed the Hostility & Direction of Hostility Questionnaire, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, & an interview. Results indicate support for the hostility model of SM. Results are discussed with reference to both theoretical models. (23 refs)