Xylazine is a veterinary tranquilizing agent. A case of self-injection of 1.5 go xylazine by a 27-year-old farmer is reported. He became comatose, hypotensive, bradycardic, and mildly glycemic. An intensive supportive therapy including intubation and ventilation were required. The patient made full recovery after 30 hours. The calculated plasma half-life was 4.9 hours. Xylazine intoxications in humans are rare. We describe the management of acute poisoning and present a review of xylazine toxicity in humans. (15 refs.)