This article reports on a Swedish study of 9910 patients. It estimated risk for suicide & disease-related deaths in patients with anxiety or depressive neurosis, uncontaminated by other psychiatric diagnosis. 18% of all deaths were suicide. The standardized mortality ratio of suicide before age 45 years for men & women with anxiety neurosis was 6.7 & 4.9 respectively; for depressive neurosis, 12.6 & 16.7 respectively. Suicide risk was higher within 3 months of leaving the hospital. (32 Refs.)