Violence in American Cities: Young Black Males is the Answer, but What was the Question?

It is hypothesized that American economic & political systems create marginal urban areas of undesirable land uses & unwanted people which breed violence. Using 3 medium-sized cities in New Jersey, it is shown the violent death rates from homicide, substance abuse, falls, fires & suicide in these areas are high for whites & Hispanics, as well as blacks, for females & males, & for elderly & youthful populations. Marginalization of these lands & groups must be addressed to reduce urban violence.