Describes a study of 13 cases of parents who have killed their children. A higher incidence of maternal perpetrators was found & is consistent with previous studies. Exposure to a variety of psychosocial stresses appears to have been a major factor. Similarly, the suicidal history & behavior of the subjects is significant. Affective disorder appears to be an important diagnostic category. The role of psychiatric & other social agencies is considered in relation to the murder of children. 34 ref.