Describes the problem of violent death in children & adolescents in urbal & rural counties of Southern California. Homicide was 3 times more common in urban than in rural areas. In rural communities, suicide was the most prevalent mode of violent death. 74% of violent deaths were in the 15-18 year age group; blacks had the highest homicide & suicide rates, & child abuse was an important cause of death in urban areas only. Socioeconomic factors, cultural differences & other factors are discussed.