Discusses strategies involved in conducting research on the detection & treatment of suicidal ideation & behavior in primary health care settings. Results & problems from an ongoing study of adolescent health care in 7 consolidated clinics & 3 comparison (or traditional) clinics are used to illustrate the discussion. The frequency of suicidal ideation & behavior was found to vary considerably in adolescents, & clinicians appeared to be inefficient in identifying suicidal youths.