Prevalence, clinical and psychosocial variables of depression, anxiety and suicidality in geriatric tertiary care settings

Objective
The study investigated the prevalence of depressive and anxiety disorders and suicide risk in geriatric outpatients in tertiary care hospitals.
Materials and methods
An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted with 803 participants aged 60 and above attending geriatric outpatient clinics in tertiary care hospitals in Thailand. Participants were assessed using DSM-IV-TR criteria to calculate the prevalence of deressive and anxiety disorders, and their suicide risk. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Core Symptom Index (CSI), 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), Neuroticism Inventory (NI) and the Revised Experience of Close Relationships Questionnaire (ECR-R) were administered. Quality of life was assessed using the EuroQoL (EQ-5D).
Results
The prevalence rate for depressive disorders was 23.7%, anxiety disorders was 6.4%, and current suicide risk was 20.4%. PSS, MSPSS, GDS, CSI, and NI scores were significantly higher in all clinical disorders and a suicide group compared with nonclinical subjects. MoCA and ECR-R did not differentiate between clinical disorder and nonclinical samples. Comparing all four outcomes, the EQ-5D differed most in the mixed depressive-anxiety disorder and nonclinical groups (t = 12.20, p < .001).
Conclusion
The present findings revealed a high prevalence of depression, anxiety and suicidality among elderly patients attending tertiary care hospitals. Perceived stress, perceived social support, and neuroticism scores were significantly higher in this group. Role of sociodemographic, clinical and psychosocial variables as risk factors for these clinical disorders should be further examined.