Continued knowledge development for understanding bullying and school victimization.

There has been a substantial progression in the bullying and school victimization literature over the past 3–4 decades. Scholars have examined numerous social, psychological, academic, and environmental antecedents to bullying behaviors. These studies have documented these multiple social and psychological factors in a vast collection with children and youth of various ages and in multiple educational settings (e.g., elementary, middle, and high schools and college). Bullying behaviors are fairly common among children and adolescents in community samples. Numerous studies have substantiated the level of bullying behaviors in schools across the globe and have defined a typology for understanding the relationship between bullying behaviors and school victimization. The literature identifies three distinctive categories related to bullying behaviors (i.e., bully, victim, and bully/victim). There are both differences and similarities in the social, psychological, and behavior factors for each category.