Year: 2023 Source: Crisis. (2013). 34(3), 164–182. DOI: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000168 SIEC No: 20231132
Background: Suicide, in particular among young people, is a major public health problem, although little is known regarding effective interventions for managing and preventing suicide-related behavior. Aims: To review the empirical literature pertaining to suicide postvention, prevention, and early intervention, specifically in school settings. Method: MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CCRCT) as well as citation lists of relevant articles using terms related to suicide and schools were searched in July 2011. School-based programs targeting suicide, attempted suicide, suicidal ideation, and self-harm where intent is not specified were included. No exclusion was placed on trial design. All studies had to include a suicide-related outcome. Results: A total of 412 potentially relevant studies were identified, 43 of which met the inclusion criteria, as well as three secondary publications: 15 universal awareness programs, 23 selective interventions, 3 targeted interventions, and 2 postvention trials. Limitations: Overall, the evidence was limited and hampered by methodological concerns, particularly a lack of RCTs. Conclusions: The most promising interventions for schools appear to be gatekeeper training and screening programs. However, more research is needed.