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Preventable losses: Threatening rise in suicides during the pandemic (IN: S. Pachauri & A. Pachauri (Eds.), Global Perspectives of COVID-19 Pandemic on Health, Education, and Role of Media
From being a public health emergency to becoming one of the worst humanitarian crises of the twenty-first century, the COVID-19 pandemic has unraveled the very fabric of human lifestyles, with mental health at the core of its concerns. Now more than ever, suicide has become a serious public health problem worldwide. Studies published after the […]
Identifying and intervening with a suicidal colleague (IN: Davidson, J.E., Richardson, M. (Eds)., Workplace Wellness: From Resiliency to Suicide Prevention and Grief Management)
Stress, burnout, and mental health problems put clinicians at risk for negative health consequences including death by suicide. Worksite stress is known to be associated with mental health problems, which can be mitigated. Worksites can create resources and tools to assist a clinician in crisis and facilitate securing professional help. Understanding factors that increase risks […]
Risk detection and suicide prevention in the workplace (IN: Davidson, J.E., Richardson, M. (Eds)., Workplace Wellness: From Resiliency to Suicide Prevention and Grief Management)
Suicide is a serious public health problem, a leading cause of death in the United States overall and the fourth leading cause for work-age Americans of 16–64 years. Among health care professionals, research finds elevated suicide risk among certain disciplines, including physicians and nurses. The impact of suicide encompasses emotional, health, and fiscal burdens of […]
Suicide in the transport system (IN: The Vision Zero Handbook, edited by K.E. Bjornberg, S.O. Hansson, M. Belin, & C. Tingvall)
The Swedish Transport Administration (STA) work to reduce the number of suicides in the transport system. Fatalities, i.e., on roads, railways, and bridges, originate from either accidents or suicides, natural death excluded. Knowing the correct manner of death is needed to work with optimal prevention strategies. The aims are to separate fatalities due to suicides, […]
Reducing suicide without affecting underlying mental health: Theoretical underpinnings and a review of the evidence base linking the availability of lethal means and suicide (IN: The International Handbook of Suicide Prevention, 2nd ed., edited by R. C. O’Connor & J. Pirkis)
This chapter provides a synthesis of the empirical literature that assesses the relationship between ready access to highly lethal means of suicide and overall suicide rates. It lays out the theoretical underpinnings of the assertion that reducing access to lethal means of suicide can reduce suicide rates. The most convincing evidence that restricting access to […]
Suicide, a public health problem in Brazil (IN: Suicide, edited by R.W. Motta)
This text focuses on the situation of suicide in Brazil, defines and quantifies information, and presents a description of the main risk factors, as well as a reflection on the phenomenon and the possibilities for prevention. Fatal suicide is a serious public health problem. In 2012, 172 member states of the World Health Organization registered […]
Epidemiology of suicide and suicidal behavior in youth (IN: Youth Suicide Prevention and
Suicide is the second leading cause of death among youth aged 10–19 years in the United States. Numerous risk factors are associated with suicide and suicidal behavior including individual, family, and social characteristics. Knowledge of the complex interplay of factors contributing to youth suicide is highly relevant to the development of effective prevention strategies.
Neurobiology of suicide in children and adolescents: Implications for assessment and treatment (IN: Youth Suicide Prevention and Intervention, edited by J.P. Ackerman & L.M. Horowitz)
Pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatment of children and adolescents with suicidal thoughts and behavior have lagged behind the already sparse treatments for suicidal adults, leaving many at-risk youths undertreated. The following is a review of the neurobiological research literature focused on suicide risk in children and adolescents. Topics include the relationship of suicide risk to neuroimaging […]
Machine learning for suicide prediction and prevention: Advances, challenges, and future directions (IN: Youth Suicide Prevention and Intervention, edited by J.P. Ackerman & L.M. Horowitz)
This chapter describes the role of machine learning in youth suicide prevention. Following a brief history of suicide prediction, research is reviewed demonstrating that machine learning can enhance suicide prediction beyond traditional clinical and statistical approaches. Strategies for internal and external model evaluation, methods for integrating model results into clinical decision-making processes, and ethical issues […]
Effective suicide prevention and intervention in schools (IN: Youth Suicide Prevention and Intervention, edited by J.P. Ackerman & L.M. Horowitz)
Schools are increasingly relied upon to foster students’ social-emotional development and address mental health concerns. Schools can also play an important role in their communities by identifying and responding to youth at risk for suicide. In this chapter, we summarize existing research on suicide prevention in schools, highlight promising programs and practices, and provide recommendations […]
Implementation and dissemination strategies for school-based suicide prevention programs (IN: Youth Suicide Prevention and Intervention, edited by J.P. Ackerman & L.M. Horowitz)
There is a growing need for upstream suicide prevention in schools as well as guidance for program implementation that can maximize effectiveness and sustainability. This chapter highlights the benefits of using an implementation science framework to guide partnerships between schools, community partners, and healthcare organizations to enhance youth suicide prevention efforts. Examples illustrating this approach […]
Understanding suicide bereavement, contagion, and the importance of thoughtful postvention in schools (IN: Youth Suicide Prevention and Intervention, edited by J.P. Ackerman & L.M. Horowitz)
The rising rates of youth suicide in the USA demand thoughtful evidence-based strategies to help schools and communities recover after a suicide loss has occurred. With this chapter, we review research on the experience of suicide bereavement in adolescence, outline what is known about the potential for suicide to spread through social networks and for […]
Utilizing suicide risk screening as a prevention technique in pediatric medical settings (IN: Youth Suicide Prevention and Intervention, edited by J.P. Ackerman & L.M. Horowitz)
Suicide risk screening for youth in medical settings, especially in primary care, is supported and encouraged by The Joint Commission, the American Academy of Pediatrics, and the National Action Alliance for Suicide Prevention. Implementing suicide risk screening and assessment with evidence-based tools can enhance feasibility of screening programs without overburdening busy systems of care. This […]
After screening: A developmentally informed approach to safety planning and stabilization (IN: Youth Suicide Prevention and Intervention, edited by J.P. Ackerman & L.M. Horowitz)
Although the last several years have been marked by significant advances in intervention efforts for youth suicide prevention, suicide remains the second leading cause of death among this age group in the United States. We discuss promising results from intervention research with the goal of informing policies for enhancing suicide prevention care for youth. Additionally, […]
Safety planning and lethal means counseling with youth (IN: Youth Suicide Prevention and Intervention, edited by J.P. Ackerman & L.M. Horowitz)
Lethal means counseling and safety planning (i.e., a written list of individualized coping strategies and sources of support) are empirically supported strategies to prevent suicidal behavior. Both approaches are often prescribed as ways to manage clients’ risk of suicide. However, there is limited guidance on how to effectively implement these strategies with youth. In this […]
Youth crisis hotlines: Merging best practice suicide prevention with a system of care (IN: Youth Suicide Prevention and Intervention, edited by J.P. Ackerman & L.M. Horowitz)
In the USA, crisis hotlines, such as the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline, have become a valued resource for individuals experiencing a suicidal crisis. Often staffed by trained counselors, crisis hotlines can provide immediate support and can help to identify a caller’s problem and potential solutions, ensure the caller’s safety, and connect them with appropriate resources. […]
The cultural theory and model of suicide for youth (IN: Youth Suicide Prevention and Intervention, edited by J.P. Ackerman & L.M. Horowitz)
This chapter identifies key guidelines and opportunities for the incorporation of cultural considerations into youth suicide prevention, assessment, and intervention. Cultural factors and principles from the Cultural Theory and Model of Suicide (Chu et al., 2010) are extended to ethnic, gender, and sexual minority youth, to identify cultural factors that are more salient or more […]
Black youth suicidal behavior: What we know and where we go from here (IN: Youth Suicide Prevention and Intervention, edited by J.P. Ackerman & L.M. Horowitz)
Research concerning Black youth suicide and suicidal behavior is limited, yet the rates of these behaviors continue to rise in this population of youth. In children, 5–12 years, Black youth are two times more likely to die by suicide than their White peers, and suicide attempts among Black adolescents have increased by 73%. Understanding the risk […]
Suicide and self-harm prevention and intervention in LGBTQIA+ youth: Current research and future directions (IN: Youth Suicide Prevention and Intervention, edited by J.P. Ackerman & L.M. Horowitz)
Youth who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, queer, and questioning their sexual identities (LGBQ+) and/or who are a gender distinct from their birth-assigned sex (i.e., trans gender and gender diverse), collectively LGBTQIA+, show nearly triple the risk for self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITBs), including nonsuicidal self-injury, suicide ideation, and suicide attempts (Marshal et al., 2011). Unfortunately, […]
Preventing suicide in youth with intellectual and neurodevelopmental disorders: Lessons learned and policy recommendations (IN: Youth Suicide Prevention and Intervention, edited by J.P. Ackerman & L.M. Horowitz)
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social communication defcits and the presence of repetitive and restricted behaviors. Based on tracking of 8-year-old children within 11 communities in the USA, 1 in 54 children was identifed with ASD in 2016 by the CDC’s Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM) Network (Maenner et […]
Perpetrator mental health: Depression and suicidality as risk factors for domestic homicide (IN: Preventing Domestic Suicides: Lessons Learned from Tragedies, edited by P. Jaffe, K. Scott & A-L. Straatman)
In this chapter, we explore depression and suicidality as risk factors for domestic violence (DV) homicide. We begin by outlining evidence for the importance of depression and suicidality in potential perpetrators of lethal DV and discuss the specific case of homicide–suicide. We speculate on some of the reasons that these factors have not been more […]
Suicide bereavement and social relationships: A new application of Durkheim (IN Facing Death: Familial Responses to Illness and Death Volume 19, edited by C.L. Scott, H.M. Williams & S. Wilder)
Purpose: The author seeks to identify how suicide-bereaved individuals conceptualize their relationships with deceased loved ones. The author engages Durkheim’s theory of suicide to provide a new framework to analyze this population. Methodology: The author uses qualitative research and coding methods to produce a secondary analysis of previously collected interview transcripts. Findings: The author concludes that participants experience […]
Working with providers and health systems experiencing compassion fatigue and burnout (IN: Medical Family Therapy, edited by J. Hodgson, A. Lamson, T. Mendenhall, T., & D. Crane.
Caring for families who have experienced trauma, loss, or chronic conditions can have lasting effects on providers, especially when faced with complex situations for extended periods of time. Training programs often do not prepare providers to avoid common challenges such as burnout (BRN) and compassion fatigue (CF). In this chapter, the authors provide operational definitions […]
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