Structural transphobia is associated with psychological distress and suicidality in a large national sample of transgender adults

Purpose Transgender adults face increasingly discriminatory laws/policies and prejudicial attitudes in many regions of the United States (US), yet research has neither quantified state-level transphobia using indicators of both, nor considered their collective association with transgender adults’ psychological wellbeing, hindering the identification of this potential social determinant of transgender mental health inequity. Methods We therefore […]

Associations between early child adversity and lifetime suicide attempts among gender diverse individuals: A moderated mediation

Background This study examines the effect of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on lifetime suicide attempts (LSA) across five gender subgroups (i.e., transgender men, transgender women, transgender non-binary, cisgender men and cisgender women). Objective To examine (1) the prevalence of LSA across gender identity subgroups; (2) whether the association between ACEs and LSA is moderated by […]

Understanding factors associated with suicidality among transgender and gender-diverse identified youth

Purpose: Individuals who identify as transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) experience heightened rates of mental health challenges compared with cisgender people (including both heterosexual and lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals). Furthermore, adolescence has been identified as a critical period for intervention as the majority of suicide attempts occur during this time period. However, no study to date […]

An exploration of mental distress in transgender people in Ireland with reference to minority stress and dissonance theory

Introduction: Internationally mental distress is more prominent in the LGBTI community than the general population. The LGBTIreland study was set up to take stock of this in the Republic of Ireland. This paper reports on the analysis of the transgender group with reference to minority stress theory and cognitive dissonance theory. Method: An online survey was conducted […]

A grounded theory of sexual and gender minority suicide risk: The sexual and gender minority suicide risk and protection model

Sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals experience higher rates of suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) compared to cisgender and heterosexual individuals. Increased risk for STBs can be conceptualized via (a) suicide risk models (e.g., ideation-to-action frameworks) and (b) SGM health literature (e.g., minority stress frameworks); yet, integration of these literatures in conceptualizing SGM suicide risk […]

Gender-based violence and suicide among gender-diverse populations in the United States

Objectives: Transgender populations report higher suicidal ideation (SI) and suicide attempts than the general population. This study sought to identify predictors of suicide in individuals with diverse gender identities, including transgender women; transgender men; and gender-nonbinary, genderqueer, and crossdressing individuals within various racial/ethnic groups. Methods: Secondary analyses were conducted using the United States Transgender Survey (N = 27,204). […]

Healthcare access experiences and needs among LBQ women, trans, and nonbinary people in Canada: A research report

What priorities for health and healthcare access do women, trans, and nonbinary people who are lesbian, bi+, or queer (LBQ) in Canada have? What actions can be taken across sectors to address these priorities? Egale’s research report “Healthcare access experiences and needs among LBQ women, trans, and nonbinary people in Canada: A research report” explores these questions, […]

Evidence of syndemic effects influencing older transgender persons’ likelihood of contemplating suicide: Results from a large national study

Objectives Very little research has examined suicidal ideation or the factors associated with contemplating suicide among older transgender adults. This paper examines whether or not there is evidence of syndemic effects influencing suicidal ideation among transgender persons aged 50 or older. Methods Data from the 2015 U.S. National Transgender Survey were used to examine five domains […]

Transgender individuals are at higher risk for suicidal ideation and preparation than cisgender individuals in substance use treatment

Introduction: This study describes the differences and similarities in mental health, substance use, and substance use treatment outcomes between people presenting for SUD treatment who identified as transgender and those who identified as cisgender men or women. Methods: We compared 64 individuals who self-identified as transgender and presented for SUD treatment to samples of cisgender men and […]

A suicide prevention intervention for emerging adult sexual and gender minority groups: Protocol for a pilot hybrid effectiveness randomized controlled trial

Background: Suicide attempts and suicide death disproportionately affect sexual and gender minority emerging adults (age 18-24 years). However, suicide prevention strategies tailored for emerging adult sexual and gender minority (EA-SGM) groups are not widely available. The Safety Planning Intervention (SPI) has strong evidence for reducing the risk for suicide in the general population, but it is […]

Suicide ideation and the related factors among Iranian transgender people: A cross-sectional study

Objective Suicide is a significant public health concern worldwide, and efforts to prevent it are crucial. This study aims to assess suicide ideation among transgender individuals in Iran. A cross-sectional design was used, with 235 transgender participants recruited through snowball sampling across Iran. The data collection included a questionnaire containing demographic inquiries, while the Beck […]

Suicidality and protective factors among sexual and gender minority youth and adults in Canada: A cross‑sectional, population‑based study

Background Sexual and gender minority populations experience elevated risks for suicidality. This study aimed to assess prevalence and disparities in non-fatal suicidality and potential protective factors related to social support and health care access among sexual and gender minority youth and adults and their heterosexual and cisgender counterparts in Canada. The second objective was to […]

Recorded diagnosis of gender identity disorder is strongly associated with suicide mortality

We assessed the association between gender identity disorder (GID) diagnosis and suicide in a retrospective case–control study (N=300,364) from nine health care systems between 2000 and 2015. Adjusting for age and sex, the odds ratio for GID was 18.6 (95% confidence interval 7.0–49.5). Adjusting additionally for comorbid psychiatric diagnoses, the odds ratio was 4.75 (1.78–12.68), […]

Trans and gender diverse mental health, wellness and suicide prevention toolkit

Background and Purpose SPECTRUM, Waterloo Region’s Rainbow Community Space, developed this toolkit on trans mental wellness and suicide prevention in response to trans community needs and priorities. Given that many trans and gender  diverse people struggle with suicide, suicidal ideation and suicide attempts, this toolkit was created to 1) Help trans and gender diverse people […]

Social support and mental health among transgender and nonbinary youth in Quebec

Purpose: Transgender and nonbinary (TNB) youth face elevated levels of discrimination, stigma, mental health disorders, and suicidality when compared with their cisgender counterparts. Family and school support may mitigate some of the effects of the stressors facing TNB youth. This study aimed to better understand the impact of each of these sources of support on TNB […]

Research brief: Mental health of black transgender and nonbinary young people

Despite overall rates of suicidality among young people trending downward for the past 30 years, Black young people have experienced an increase in suicide attempts (Lindsey et al., 2019􀉣, with suicide rates among Black young people increasing 37% between 2018 and 2021 (Stone & Mack, 2023).

Demographic and psychosocial factors associated with recent suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among trans and gender diverse people in Australia

Introduction Correlates of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among a large cross-section of trans and gender diverse populations in Australia were examined. Methods A national survey was conducted that included 1466 trans and gender diverse participants aged 18+ years. Multivariable regressions identified factors associated with recent suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Results Overall, 62.4% reported […]

Gender identity-based disparities in self-injurious thoughts and behaviors among pre-teens in the United States

Introduction Transgender individuals are at heightened risk for self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITBs). Evidence suggests that middle childhood-aged transgender individuals experience elevated rates of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and passive suicidal ideation (SI), compared to cisgender children. Little is known about gender identity-based disparities in SI more broadly and suicidal behavior (SB) in children aged 9 […]

Suicide-related outcomes following gender-affirming treatment: A review

Gender-affirming treatment remains a topic of controversy; of particular concern is whether gender-affirming treatment reduces suicidality. A narrative review was undertaken evaluating suicide-related outcomes following gender- affirming surgery, hormones, and/or puberty blockers. Of the 23 studies that met the inclusion criteria, the majority indicated a reduction in suicidality following gender-affirming treatment; however, the literature to […]

Analysis of psychiatric symptoms and suicide risk among younger adults in China by gender identity and sexual orientation

Importance  Younger adults in China who are transgender and gender nonconforming (TGNC) and lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) experience high levels of minority stress (eg, stigma and bullying) and adverse mental health symptoms. However, there is a lack of research documenting mental health disparities compared with their cisgender and heterosexual peers. Studies that disaggregate TGNC and […]

Research brief: Mental health of black transgender and nonbinary young people

Despite overall rates of suicidality among young people trending downward for the past 30 years, Black young people have experienced an increase in suicide attempts (Lindsey et al., 2019), with suicide rates among  Black young people increasing 37% between 2018 and 2021 (Stone & Mack, 2023). Due to the already existing higher rates of suicide […]

Factors associated with suicidal ideation and suicide attempt in Brazilian transgender youth

The rates of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among transgender youths are high. However, in Brazil, there are no studies about these outcomes in this population. The present study aims to investigate the prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in Brazilian transgender youths (binary and non-binary), in association with predictor variables, following the Minority […]

Imputation methods for missing failure times in recurrent-event survival analysis: Application to suicide attempts in the transgender population

Suicide risk among transgender populations is an important public health issue. In a project evaluating association between gender affirmation and suicide attempts in the US Transgender Survey, we evaluated the relationship between gender affirmation and risk for suicide attempts. One of the challenges is that the age at suicide attempts was only collected for the […]