Sex-specific association of alcohol use disorder with suicide mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Importance  Despite individual studies suggesting that sex differences exist in the association between alcohol use disorder (AUD) and suicide, most existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses have reported associations across the sexes. Objective  To estimate the sex-specific association between AUD and suicide mortality. Data Sources  Embase, MEDLINE (including MEDLINE In-Process), PsycINFO, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched from […]

Stressful life events in different social contexts are associated with self-injury from early adolescence to early adulthood

Self-injury often arises as a maladaptive coping strategy used to alleviate distress. Past research has typically examined how chronic stressors in a specific context are associated with self-injury. Little is known about the unique and cumulative associations between acute stressful life events that occur in different social contexts and self-injury among adolescents. This is especially […]

Assessing the role of sports participation on depression, suicide ideation, and suicide behaviors among adolescents before and during COVID-19

Purpose: To assess the association between sports participation, depression, suicide ideation, and suicide behaviors in a nationally representative sample of US adolescents before COVID-19 and during COVID-19.  Methods: Data from the 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (n = 13,526) and the 2021 Adolescent Behaviors and Experiences Survey (n = 7677) were used to analyze the […]

Sex differences in suicide, suicidal ideation, and self‑harm after release from incarceration: A systematic review and meta‑analysis

Purpose: People released from incarceration are at increased risk of suicide compared to the general population. We aimed to synthesise evidence on the incidence of and sex differences in suicide, suicidal ideation, and self-harm after release from incarceration. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science and PubMed between 1 January 1970 and 14 October 2021 […]

A network study to differentiate suicide attempt risk profiles in male and female patients with major depressive disorder

Suicide attempts are a possible consequence of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), although their prevalence varies across different epidemiological studies. Suicide attempt is a significant predictor of death by suicide, highlighting its importance in understanding and preventing tragic outcomes. Researchers are increasingly recognizing the need to study the differences between males and females, as several distinctions […]

A network study to differentiate suicide attempt risk profiles in male and female patients with major depressive disorder

Suicide attempts are a possible consequence of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), although their prevalence varies across different epidemiological studies. Suicide attempt is a significant predictor of death by suicide, highlighting its importance in understanding and preventing tragic outcomes. Researchers are increasingly recognizing the need to study the differences between males and females, as several distinctions […]

Association of parent-child relationship quality and problematic mobile phone use with non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents

Background Non-suicidal self-injury behavior (NSSI) is a common mental health threat among adolescents. Poor parent-child relationship (PCR) and problematic mobile phone use (PMPU) are risk factors for NSSI. We aimed to explore the impact of PCR quality, PMPU, and their interaction effects on NSSI among adolescents in China, as well as the sex difference. Method […]

Sex differences in suicide trends among adolescents aged 10 to 14 years in Canada

Suicide rates appear to be rising rapidly among youth in North America. Historically, adolescent males have had much higher rates than females; however, this gap may be narrowing due to rising suicides among female adolescents. Over the last 40 years, reported youth suicide rates in the United States have increased most disproportionately among females aged […]

Secondary mental health service utilisation following emergency department contact for suicidal behaviour: A systematic review

Objective: Engagement with secondary mental health services after an emergency department presentation with suicidal behaviours may be an important strategy for reducing the risk of repeat attempts. Our aim was to examine secondary mental health service contact following a presentation to emergency department with suicidal behaviours. Methods: A systematic review of papers published between 2000 and 2020 […]

Peer response to messages of distress: Do sex and content matter?

Background: Suicidal young adults often confide their distress to peers. It is unclear, however, what types of assistance a friend may offer in response to various symptoms of distress as well as whether the sex of either individual affects responses. Aims: We examined open-ended responses to e-mail vignettes from a fictitious friend exhibiting depressed, irritable, or overtly […]

Gender differences in suicide rates of municipalities in South Korea: A latent profile analysis by life cycles

Background: South Korea showed the highest suicide rate among the countries in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. Aims: This study aimed to discern the profiles of municipalities according to their suicide rates across the life cycle and gender, and then to identify the unique characteristics of each latent group. Method: This study applied a latent profile modeling to […]

Sex differences in suicide, suicidal ideation, and self‑harm after release from incarceration: A systematic review and meta‑analysis

Purpose: People released from incarceration are at increased risk of suicide compared to the general population. We aimed to synthesise evidence on the incidence of and sex differences in suicide, suicidal ideation, and self-harm after release from incarceration. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science and PubMed between 1 January 1970 and 14 October 2021 […]

Sex differences in suicide mortality in Newfoundland and Labrador: An observational study with medical examiner data from 1997 to 2016

Background Globally, the suicide rate is two times higher for males than for females. Previous studies in Newfoundland and Labrador did not examine age-specific rates by sex. The objectives of this study were to determine suicide rates by  sex and age group and to compare the demographic and clinical characteristics of males and females who […]

Sex differences in suicide, suicidal ideation, and self‑harm after release from incarceration: A systematic review and meta‑analysis

Purpose People released from incarceration are at increased risk of suicide compared to the general population. We aimed to synthesise evidence on the incidence of and sex differences in suicide, suicidal ideation, and self-harm after release from incarceration. Methods We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science and PubMed between 1 January 1970 and 14 […]

Exploration of race and ethnicity, sex, sport-related concussion, depression history, and suicide attempts in US youth

Importance  Racial, ethnic, and sex disparities for concussion incidence and suicide attempts in youth have been reported, but data on the interaction of these variables in a large national data set are lacking. Understanding how race and ethnicity interact with sex and concussion to influence suicide attempts could yield critical information on the sociocultural impact of […]

Temporal trends in suicidal ideation and attempts among US adolescents by sex and race/ethnicity, 1991-2019

Objective  To examine differences in temporal trends between suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in US adolescents from 1991 through 2019 by sex and race/ethnicity subgroups. Design, Setting, and Participants  A cross-sectional analysis of the national Youth Risk Behavior Survey, weighted to represent US adolescents from 1991 to 2019, included 183 563 US high-school students in grades 9 […]

Associations of suicidality trends with cannabis use as a function of sex and depression status

Objective  To determine whether cannabis use and cannabis use disorder (CUD) are associated with a higher prevalence of suicidality among young adults with or without depression and to assess whether these associations vary by sex. Design, Setting, and Participants  This survey study examined data from 281 650 adults aged 18 to 34 years who participated in the National […]

Age-and sex-specific risk factors for youth suicide: A mixed methods review

Background: Suicide is the second-leading cause of death for individuals ages 10 through 34, and rates are rising. This study seeks to broaden the understanding of suicide in youths ages 10-17. Study Aims: Use a mixed-methods approach to investigate the different characteristics leading to youth suicide by 2 distinct youth age subgroups (pre-high school and […]

Sex-dependent associations of low birth weight and suicidal ideation in adulthood: A community-based cohort study

Low birth weight (LBW; < 2,500 g) has been identified as a risk factor for adverse mental health outcomes over the life span. However, little is known about the association of LBW and suicidal ideation in middle and late adulthood. We investigated N = 8,278 participants of a representative community cohort: 3,849 men (46.5%) and 4,429 women (53.5%) (35–74 years of age). […]

Interpersonal needs and suicide risk: The moderating roles of sex and brooding

Objectives This paper tested two moderators, brooding and participant sex, on the respective relations between thwarted belongingness (TB), perceived burdensomeness (PB), and suicide risk. Method Using a cross‐sectional design in a sample of undergraduates (N = 278), two hierarchical regression models examining the three‐way interaction between brooding, sex, and either TB or PB on suicide risk were […]

Acquired capability and masculine gender norm adherence: Potential pathways to higher rates of male suicide.

The interpersonal theory posits that to die by suicide a person must be fearless of death and able to tolerate the physical pain involved in suicide. This capability for suicide is acquired via repeated exposure to painful and provocative life events and has been proposed as a potential mechanism by which men come to be […]

Suicidal ideation in transgender people: Gender minority stress and interpersonal theory factors.

Research has revealed alarmingly high rates of suicidal ideation (SI) and suicide attempts among transgender and gender nonconforming (TGNC) people. This study aims to analyze the role of factors from the gender minority stress and resilience (GMSR) model (Testa, Habarth, Peta, Balsam, & Bockting, 2015), the interpersonal-psychological theory of suicide (IPTS; Joiner, 2005; Van Orden […]

Sex differences in glutamate receptor gene expression in major depression and suicide.

Accumulating data indicate that the glutamate system is disrupted in major depressive disorder (MDD), and recent clinical research suggests that ketamine, an antagonist of the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor (GluR), has rapid antidepressant efficacy. Here we report findings from gene expression studies of a large cohort of postmortem subjects, including subjects with MDD and controls. […]