Pharmacist gatekeeper interventions for suicide prevention: How evidence from developed countries support their role in low- and middle-income countries

Background: Approximately 70% of self-poisoning suicides occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).The implementation of pesticide bans has significantly reduced the rate of pesticide self-poisoning in these regions; however, this has been accompanied by a shift toward an increased incidence of pharmaceutical poisoning, highlighting the importance of intervention strategies to prevent pharmaceutical self-poisoning in the future. […]

Comparing three methods to assess learning outcomes for a suicide prevention training program for pharmacy staff

Objective To examine whether pharmacists and pharmacy staff who complete a suicide prevention gatekeeper training program (Pharm-SAVES) react similarly to a written patient case, a live simulated patient (SP), and a prerecorded SP case. Methods After completing the 30-min Pharm-SAVES training, participants completed a written patient case via survey and then, 1 month later, completed a […]

A mixed-methods cross-sectional study to evaluate the public acceptability of a novel pharmacy-based response service for domestic abuse and/or suicidal ideation

Background Domestic abuse (DA) and suicidal ideation (SI) are prevalent and often co-occur. Numerous practical and psychosocial barriers inhibit help-seeking, including accessibility and confidentiality concerns. Early intervention and referral are essential for both DA and SI. Pharmacies are accessible and may be perceived as a discreet venue for a DA and SI response service. There […]

A randomized controlled trial protocol for a virtual, scalable suicide prevention gatekeeper training program for community pharmacy staff (Pharm-SAVES)

Background: Suicide prevention gatekeeping is a skill that may support community (retail) pharmacists in managing patients who present with suicide warning signs. A brief, virtual, case-based training intervention was tailored to the retail setting (Pharm-SAVES). To test training effectiveness, a randomized controlled trial (RCT) protocol was developed for use in pharmacies across four states. Objective: To introduce […]

Pharmacists’ experiences, perceptions, and attitudes towards suicide and suicide prevention: A scoping review

It is important to understand pharmacists’ experiences, stigmas, trainings, and attitudes to suicide, as they can affect the way pharmacists interact with at-risk individuals and influence outcomes. The aim of this scoping review is to explore pharmacists’ willingness, experiences, and attitudes towards suicide prevention, as well as to examine the impact of suicide prevention training […]

Survey of Australian and Canadian community pharmacists’ experiences with patients at risk of suicide

Objective: The study’s objective was to examine Canadian and Australian community pharmacists’ experiences with people at risk of suicide. Methods: A survey was developed and administered online. Countries were compared by Fisher’s exact and t tests. Multivariable logistic-regression analysis was used to identify variables associated with preparedness to help someone in a suicidal crisis. Results: […]

Longitudinal analysis of suicides among pharmacists during 2003-2018

Background Suicide is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and estimates of suicide among health professionals are higher than the general population. High rates of suicide among physicians and nurses have been described previously, but there is a lack of data for suicides completed by pharmacists. Objective The purpose of this study was […]

Community pharmacist encounters with patients displaying suicide warning signs: A cross-sectional survey

Background: Mental health is a prominent public health issue exacerbated by the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Community pharmacists are positioned to contribute. Objectives: This study aimed to describe Iowa community pharmacists’ encounters, confidence, behaviors, and training needs related to patients with suicide warning signs and explore relationships between demographics and previous training with encounter frequency, […]

Does video e-learning improve pharmacy teams’ attitudes and preparedness towards suicide prevention?

Background Evidence on the role of pharmacy teams in suicide prevention is growing. To support pharmacy teams, a video e-learning was produced by the Centre for Pharmacy Postgraduate Education (CPPE) involving an ‘on-the-sofa’ style group interview with people with personal and professional experience of suicide and suicide research. Objective The objective was to measure any […]

Long term effect of reduced pack sizes of paracetamol on poisoning deaths and livertransplant activity in England and Wales: Interrupted time series analyses

Objective: To assess the long term effect of United Kingdom legislation introduced in September 1998 to restrict pack sizes of paracetamol on deaths from paracetamol poisoning and liver unit activity. Design: Interrupted time series analyses to assess mean quarterly changes from October 1998 to the end of 2009 relative to projected deaths without the legislation based on […]

Evaluation of an online advanced suicide prevention training for pharmacists

Background: With the pharmacist role extending internationally to include health promotion and harm reduction, pharmacists are well-suited to adopt a frontline role within suicide prevention efforts. To maximise their abilities to implement suicide prevention strategies, suicide prevention training is essential to improve pharmacists’ knowledge of, attitudes towards, and confidence in pharmacy-based suicide prevention. Aim: This study aimed […]

Mental Health First Aid crisis role-plays between pharmacists and simulated patients with lived experience: A thematic analysis of debrief

Purpose Healthcare professionals, including pharmacists, can recognise and assist people experiencing mental health crises. Despite this, little is known about how pharmacists assist and engage with people presenting with signs and symptoms of mental health crises. This study aimed to (i) examine pharmacists’ mental health crisis assessment language during simulated patient role-plays (SPRPs) and (ii) […]

Interacting with patients at risk of self-harm or suicide: A qualitative study of community pharmacists and pharmacy staff

Background: Suicide and self-harm are significant public health concerns. Community pharmacies are accessible and frequented regularly by the public, making them well positioned to identify and intervene with those at risk. The aims of this research project are to evaluate pharmacy staff experiences of dealing with people at risk of suicide/self-harm, and explore how best […]

A needs assessment for suicide prevention training within community pharmacies

Background Suicide is a leading cause of deaths globally, with over 700,000 deaths by suicide reported annually. In Ireland, numbers of suicides increased by 5.4% from 2015 to 2019. Community pharmacists are one of the most accessible and trusted healthcare professionals, and together with their staff they are well placed to identify those who may be at […]

Suicide among young people in Ukraine and Estonia: Interdisciplinary study of the problem in the system of legal relations “doctor-patient-pharmacist-lawyer”

The study presents an interdisciplinary study focusing on the critical issue of suicide among young people in two European countries, Ukraine, and Estonia. The research aims to shed light on the multifaceted nature of the problem by exploring the complex interactions within the system of legal relations involving the key stakeholders: doctors, patients, pharmacists, and […]

Impact of a brief suicide prevention training with an interactive video case assessment on student pharmacist outcomes

Objective To determine whether a brief suicide prevention training with an interactive video case (Pharm-SAVES) improves student pharmacists’ suicide prevention knowledge and self-efficacy. Methods Student pharmacists (N = 146) from 2 United States universities completed the 75-minute Pharm-SAVES training in September 2021. Suicide prevention knowledge and self-efficacy were measured via an online pre-test and post-test, and a […]

Suicide mortality among physicians, dentists, veterinarians, and pharmacists as well as other high-skilled occupations in Austria from 1986 through 2020

Some evidence puts health professionals at increased risk of suicide, especially females, whereas other research suggests a lower risk in high-skilled occupations. This study investigated the suicide risk of four health professions (physicians, dentists, veterinarians, pharmacists) and three other high-skilled occupations (notaries, lawyers, tax advisors/public accountants) in Austria compared to the general population, and analyzed […]

Factors associated with attitudes toward suicide: Among Japanese pharmacists participating in the Board Certified Psychiatric Pharmacy Specialist Seminar

Background: Pharmacists could play a significant role in providing care for suicidal individuals. Previous studies reported that gatekeeper attitudes toward suicide could affect caregiving behaviors toward people at risk for suicide. Nevertheless, only few studies have examined the attitudes of pharmacists toward suicide. Aims: This study explores the factors associated with the attitudes of pharmacists toward suicide. […]

Development of the Pharm‐SAVES educational module for gatekeeper suicide prevention training for community pharmacy staff

Introduction: Pharmacists are one of the most accessible health professionals in the United States, who, with training, may serve as gatekeepers who recognize suicide warning signs and refer at-risk individuals to care. Our objective was to codesign a 30-min online gatekeeper training module (Pharm-SAVES) specifically for community pharmacy staff. Methods: Over a period of 8 months, a […]

Pharmacists’ experiences, perceptions, and attitudes towards suicide and suicide prevention: A scoping review

It is important to understand pharmacists’ experiences, stigmas, trainings, and attitudes to suicide, as they can affect the way pharmacists interact with at-risk individuals and influence outcomes. The aim of this scoping review is to explore pharmacists’ willingness, experiences, and attitudes towards suicide prevention, as well as to examine the impact of suicide prevention training […]

Reflexive thematic analysis of job-related problems associated with pharmacist suicide, 2003–2019

Background Few qualitative studies have focused on suicide and specific job-related problems associated with suicide in pharmacists. Greater knowledge of specific work-related stressors amongst pharmacists could inform suicide prevention strategies. Objective To identify job-related stressors associated with pharmacist suicides and compare stressors to those previously reported in physicians and nurses. Methods Free-text law enforcement and […]

Observed behaviours and suicide assessment language post‑Mental Health First Aid training in Australia and the United States: A mixed methods study using discourse analysis

Background Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) training teaches participants how to respond to mental health crises, including suicide. Little is known about the impact of training on participants’ observed MHFA behaviours. This exploratory study aimed to compare MHFA-trained Australian and US student pharmacists’ performance and suicide assessment language during simulated patient role-play (SPRP) assessments. Methods […]

Pharmacists’ experiences, perceptions, and attitudes towards suicide and suicide prevention: A scoping review

It is important to understand pharmacists’ experiences, stigmas, trainings, and attitudes to suicide, as they can affect the way pharmacists interact with at-risk individuals and influence outcomes. The aim of this scoping review is to explore pharmacists’ willingness, experiences, and attitudes towards suicide prevention, as well as to examine the impact of suicide prevention training […]