Resource Tag: NEUROBEHAVIORAL DISORDERS

Specific risk factors for self-harm and suicide in children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) may differ from those in the general population within this age range. In the present review paper, we conducted a narrative analysis of the literature, aiming to establish a connection between suicide and affective disorders in children and adolescents with […]

Background: Suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) in elementary school-aged youth have increased in recent years. Understanding the risks associated with childhood STBs is necessary for prevention efforts. Methods: The current study examined clinical and neurocognitive characteristics of a community sample of elementary school-aged children with (STB+) and without (STB-) a history of STBs. The final sample included […]

Locked-in syndrome (LiS) is a neurological disorder caused by lesions affecting the ventral pons and midbrain and is characterized by loss of physical function, but with perceived consciousness intact. Despite severely limited function, previous studies have shown the quality of life (QoL) in patients to be more positive than naturally assumed by caregivers and relatives. […]

OBJECTIVE Concussions are a form of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) that most commonly occur after blunt trauma to the head and may result in temporary loss of consciousness. These patients are typically comanaged by neurocritical care specialists, neurologists, and neurosurgeons depending on the severity of disease. The purpose of this study was twofold: 1) […]

Importance  In recent decades, there has been increased interest in the possible adverse neurological effects of 5α-reductase inhibitors (5-ARIs), which have been used mainly for benign prostatic hyperplasia and androgenic alopecia. Numerous studies and reports have indicated associations of 5-ARIs with depression and suicide. However, most of these studies had methodological shortcomings, and very little is […]

Objective To determine whether suicidal ideation or suicide attempts are linked to poor neurocognitive function among individuals with first-episode schizophrenia (FES). Method We performed a cross-sectional study on 159 Chinese inpatients (Mage = 27.1 years; 52.2% females) with minimal-treated FES and collected their suicidal history through interviews and medical records. Neurocognitive performance, psychopathology, and depressive symptoms were assessed […]

Objective During the past decade, the pediatric suicide rate has nearly tripled. Yet, little is known about suicide behavior (SB) in children. Identification of risk factors associated with SB during childhood may be critical to preventing future attempts. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between neurocognitive performance and suicide ideation (SI) […]

Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the implementation of universal suicide risk screening in pediatric neurodevelopmental disabilities (NDD) medical clinics, analyze demographic and clinical characteristics of eligible patients, describe outcomes of positive screenings, and describe factors that influenced participation in screenings. Methods: A suicide risk screening protocol was developed and implemented for […]

Suicidal behavior is complex and manifests because of a confluence of diverse factors. One such factor involves dysregulation of the immune system, which has been linked to the pathophysiology of suicidal behavior. This review will provide a brief description of suicidality and discuss the contribution of upstream and downstream factors in the etiology of suicidal […]

Suicide attempts (SA) frequently occur in patients with mood disorders and schizophrenia, which are both accompanied by activated immune-inflammatory and nitro-oxidative (IO&NS) pathways. Methods We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, for articles published from inception until February 1, 2021. We included studies that compared blood biomarkers in psychiatric patients with (SA+) and […]

The World Health Organization (WHO) suggests that mental disorders, neurological disorders, and suicide are growing causes of morbidity. Depressive disorders, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, Alzheimer’s disease, and other dementias account for 1.84%, 0.60%, 0.33%, and 1.00% of total Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs). Furthermore, suicide, the 15th leading cause of death worldwide, could be linked to […]

Impulsivity is an important risk factor for suicide and therefore, identifying biomarkers associated with impulsivity could be important in evaluating psychiatric patients. Currently, assessment of impulsivity is based solely on clinical evaluation. In this study, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a nerve growth factor, was evaluated as a potential biomarker for impulsivity. We hypothesize that elevated […]

People suffering with neurological diseases are at risk of committing suicide. A case-control study found increased risk of attempted suicide in patients with nine chronic neurological diseases [1]. Similarly, people diagnosed with neurological disorders were twice as likely to die of suicide than people not diagnosed with such disorders [2]. This increased risk could be […]

Objective Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with suicidal thoughts and behaviors (“suicidality”). Of the three components of Joiner’s interpersonal theory of suicide, two involve negatively valenced, self‐related beliefs: perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness. However, the neurocircuitry underlying self‐processing and suicidality has not been fully explored. This study examined the association between suicidality and the […]

File copy includes a data supplement table.

In these letters to the editor, the authors comment on a study, published in 2009, by Purandare & colleagues on suicide in dementia. Questions are raised about the study design. The reply of Purandare & colleagues follows.

The authors performed a selective literature review of suicide in persons with dementia & the ethical issues associated with euthanasia in this population. In the absence of any effective treatments for Alzheimer’s disease or other types of dementia, there is already evidence that persons with mild cognitive change & early dementia are at risk of […]

This study examined the risk of suicide in persons diagnosed with dementia during a hospitalization & its relationship to mood disorders. Event-history analysis using time-varying covariates was done of all individuals aged 50 & older living in Denmark during January 1990-December 2000. During the study period, 136 persons who previously had been diagnosed with dementia […]

This article presents the case of a 57-year-old male veteran with alcoholic dementia who made two suicide attempts in the hospital within a 2-hour period. (7 refs.)

The neuropathological correlates of suicide in older persons have received little research attention. The authors’ recent study of 143 elderly Australian suicide victims, unlike a previous case-control study, did not find an increased prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease despite a history of dementia in 6.3%. Clinicopathological data on 3 cases are presented. (56 refs.)

This study investigated the types of self-destructive behaviours identified by the Harmful Behaviours Scale & the variables associated with them. A cross sectional survey involving 647 residents in 11 nursing homes in Sydney, Australia was conducted. Latent class analysis of the Harmful Behaviours Scale identified 4 groups, described as aggressive-resistant, food refusal, behaviourally disturbed, & […]

A random sample of participants (age 81+) from a cohort in a pre-existing epidemiological study of dementia were selected for an interview. 125 of 170 eligible participants were interviewed as were 118 of 125 informants. The relationship between suicidal thinking & both cognitive impairment & depression was studied. 9 people showed suicidal thinking – all […]