Resource Tag: ACTING OUT

This paper describes the psychosocial & behavioural characteristics of 30 consecutive adult suicides from 4 First Nations communities in Quebec. Psychological autopsies were done with family members. Suicide among this group was overrepresented by young single men. Alcohol intoxication at the time of death was reported for 22 cases in association with rapid acting out […]

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In this paper, the authors review the observational & experimental evidence for the acute neuropsychological effects of alcohol intake on suicide ideation & behaviour. A selective review of the literature was conducted using the PubMed database. Cognitive mechanisms implicated include alcohol-induced deficits in attention allocation, prospective cognition, autobiographical memory, & disinhibition. Emotional mechanisms include alcohol-induced […]

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This study investigated the importance of diagnostic factors in the prediction of suicidal ideation in a high-risk sample of 73 high school students. Suicidal ideation was assessed with the Modified Scale for Suicidal Ideation. 74% of subjects met criteria for a psychiatric disorder & continuous measures of psychiatric symptoms provided stronger prediction of suicidal ideation […]

3 groups of adolescents (age 14-18) including suicidal (made a suicide attempt), nonsuicidal inpatients & controls, were compared with regard to suicidal tendencies, various body aspects, & depression & anxiety. A series of MANOVAs, discriminant analysis, Pearson correlations, & regressions were employed. The results show that the suicidal group differed from the two nonsuicidal groups […]

Four inpatient groups were identified based on age (< 40 yr. or > 54 yr.) and current suicidal behavior (suicidal, nonsuicidal but depressed) and compared on these variables. Older suicidal inpatients were different formt he other groups of inpatients on very few variables. Older suicide patients were given a diagnosis of depression, made more suicidal […]

This study assessed suicidal behaviour & risk factors among 1616 predominantly middle-class adolescents seeking crisis services in Oklahoma. 22.1% reported a past suicide attempt; half reported suicidal ideation in the month prior to seeking help. Attempters were significantly more likely than nonattempters to report suicidal ideation & family suicidal behaviour. Suicidal behaviours in the entire […]

This article presents guidelines to help children cope with grief. Wolfelt says that teachers need both to learn & to teach about death. He discusses how children may express their grief by acting out, what to do when a classmate dies & how to get extra help for bereaved children. Guidelines for helping the bereaved […]

This article reviews the verbal & physical abuse that threatens the well-being & survival of lesbian, gay & bisexual youth. This response by significant others is often associated with several problematic outcomes including running away & suicide. Although the causal link between these stressors & outcomes has not been scientifically established, there is suggestive evidence […]

Eight-year-old Sarah had always been her “daddy’s little girl” until the day her father was killed in a car accident. Based on the belief that each child needs to mourn in his or her own way, this book describes Sarah’s grief experience & offers practical advice for adults who would like to help grieving children. […]

This article examines self-mutilation both as a symptom of mental disorders & as a distinct syndrome with an autonomous course. Data from the literature & extensive clinical experience was reviewed. A typology of self-mutilation is presented in 3 categories: major, stereotypic, & superficial or moderate. The authors propose that a syndrome of repetetive superficial or […]

This article reports on a woman with bulmia nervosa treated with fluoxetine for depression who became severely disturbed with tension, irritability, self-damage by cutting, & violent, intense, suicidal & paranoid ideation qualitatively different to previous symptoms. Clinical impression was of a striking association between fluoxetine & these symptoms. Caution is suggested when using fluoxetine in […]

This article reports on a study comparing 37 inpatient suicide attempters with 29 never-suicidal psychiatric controls with respect to prevalence & severity of personality disorder, history of aggression & assaultive behavior, & other measures of impulsive violence. The apparently high prevalence of personality disorder among adolescent inpatient suicide attempters indicate that the social impairment associated […]

This article reports on a study of 60 psychiatric inpatients at a New York municipal hospital center to test a model that attempts to relate variables to violence & suicide risk. Anxiety & impulsivity were found to strongly correlate with suicide risk. Angry & resentful mood correlated with violence risk. Trait anxiety correlated negatively with […]

This chapter reviews theories & studies of the relationship between human aggression & suicide, & between genetics & development with regard to suicidal behaviours. It notes increasing evidence that both psychiatric & medical conditions may contribute to, or create a vulnerability to suicidality. The extent to which aggressive & suicidal behaviours may be attributed to […]

The study results reported in this article indicate that preadmission variables of severe aggressive/destructive behaviour & suicidal ideation/behaviour, & of parental substance abuse & suspected child abuse/maltreatment, appear to predict poor outcome in Day Treatment (DT) for children when 3 DT centers, one from an earlier report (Gabel et al, 1988) are considered together. The […]

There has been much research on the biological markers of borderline personality disorder in the last 3 years. The Dexamethasone Suppression Test, the Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone Test & sleep studies no longer indicate that this disorder is related to depression, although there is probably an affective subroup. An extensive analysis of serotonin studies provides exciting new […]

Studies of the long term outcome of borderline personality disorder have shown that, although most patients improve with time, there is a high rate of suicide associated with this disorder. In the absence of clinical trials which could demonstrate the long term effects of treatment, the management of the borderline patient must take into account […]

Much of the psychological research with suicidal patients has examined, individually or in combination, correlates & predictors of various measures in the suicide process. The present study investigated suicidal risk as an outcome measure. Several questionnaires were administered to a sample of 94 soldiers, 61 of whom had manifested some suicidal symptoms. Using LISREL analysis, […]

The authors’ own & other key studies on alcoholism, impulse control, violent behavior, & suicidality & their biochemical concomitants are included in this short review. (7 refs.)

An investigation with 86 university students tested the concurrent & convergent validity of Beck’s & Yufit’s scales of suicide risk. Moderate correlations were found between these 2 scales. Both authors had stressed the importance of time perspective in the development of their scales. Beck’s Hopelessness Scale was found to correlate well with other attitudinal measures […]

Studies from several countries, representing diverse cultures, have reported an association between violent suicide attempts by patients with unipolar depression & personality disorders & low concentrations of the major serotonin metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in the cerebrospinal fluid. These data are discussed in the context of a proposed model for the pathophysiology of a postulated “low […]